Diabetic Socks - Foot Care For Diabetic Patient

It is of crucial importance for a diabetic to protect his feet from injury and infection. Loss of sensation, reduced circulation and delayed wound healing are potential complications that might result from diabetes. Investing in a sock specifically designed for a diabetic might be the first step for a diabetic towards protection from these complications. Such a sock has continuous direct contact with the skin of the foot throughout the day and thus, might help in preventing complications.

Elasticized form-fitted socks will not slide down the ankle or wrinkle inside the shoe. At the same time, a form-fitted sock with a mild amount of compression can promote circulation and reduce swelling. It is nearly unthinkable that a sock could restrict circulation in anyone's foot. However, this is possible if the sock is not properly designed and is too tight.

In order to ensure proper blood circulation in the foot, the sock should be tight fitting, but at the same time, it should not be excessively tight. Improperly designed socks that have an elasticized ridge at the top cause the "red line" commonly seen on the skin of the leg of a patient with edema. Properly made socks for a diabetic should have an upper with minimal elastic at the top to avoid such skin irritation.

The recommendation of cotton socks for diabetic patients is also mistaken. Compared to newer synthetic fibers such as Duraspun acrylic, cotton fibers lose shape and take a longer time to dry up inside the shoe. Cotton fiber socks are also rough and become abrasive with multiple wash-wear cycles.

Therefore, for a sock to be protective or therapeutic for the diabetic foot, it should:

1. Contain synthetic moisture-wicking fibers such as Duraspun acrylic or Coolmax polyester to remain soft and provide cushion. Pure cotton fiber socks should be avoided for patients with diabetes as far as possible.

2. Be form-fitted and snug (not tight), with sufficient elasticity to prevent the sock from slipping inside the shoe and stay up on the ankle.

3. Have no harmful dyes or additives, as they might cause skin irritation.

Wearing properly fitted shoes would go a long way in protecting a diabetic's foot.

For a diabetic, keeping the feet in shape in the long term takes knowledge and vigilance. For those who fail to protect their feet, the price is severe. Each year, thousands of people with diabetes have amputations. However, most of those amputations are the result of minor injuries that were left untreated and allowed to develop into ulcers. This means that most of those amputations could have been prevented.

Lower Blood Sugar Using the Glycemic Index

You may ask, what is the glycemic index? A couple of years ago, I asked the same question. The glycemic index is the meassue of how much food (in the form of carbohydrates ) will increase a person's blood sugar level. The higher the number measures, the worse the food is for you. A high glycemic index gives a quicker, higher rise in blood sugar. These items with the high index, break down very quickly in the digestive tract. The lower index products are broken down slower in the digestive tract. they give a slower more even rise in blood sugar.

Eating foods with a high glycemic index leads to obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes.

How does this apply to people with diabetes? Foods with a low glycemic index, will help your blood sugar lower and more even keel. The lower index foods will reduce the risk of diabetes, as well as the risk of heart attack, stroke, and cancer.

When a diabetic person eats a high glycemic index food, it triggers a rapid rise in blood sugar level. In a normal individual, the pancreas quickly releases a large amount of insulin to cover the rise in glucose. The insulin quickly cleans up the excess glucose, and the blood sugar level often drops lower than our normal level. Shortly thereafter, we feel hungry again, creating a cycle which can lead to obesity and diabetes. Lower glycemic index foods keep the stomach fuller, because they are broken down slower.

A lower glycemic index diet can help us lose weight, and improve on the body's sensitivity to insulin. An advantage of a high index intake, is it refuels carbohydrates after exercise. But, this is not true in diabetics, because the levels of blood glucose don't go down to start with.

So, low glycemic foods keep you fuller longer. They prolong physical endurance. they give a slower, more stable, rise in blood sugar after eating. They help people lose weight.

Low carbohydrate diets ( Metabolic Diet, Atkins Diet, and others ) are reflective of this lower glycemic index. There are other factors in a healthy diet. Fiber content, the total amount of carbohydrates, How much fat and what kind of fats, we are using, should be considered.

Carbohydrate are give a glycemic index to show the rate glucose is released into the blood. Lower is slower and better for your body. you should switch to a low glycemic index, specially if you have diabetes. You can get all the necessary information at your local bookstore or on the internet. I will leave you with a few examples to help you improve on your diet.

-Eat breakfast cereals with oats, barley or bran.

-Eat only, whole grain breads ( preferably with the seeds still in it ).

-Reduce the amount of white potatoes you eat, although the skins are good fore you.

-Eat plenty of fruit and vegetables, excluding potatoes.

-Eat salads, and use a vinaigrette dressing on them.

Happy eating and good health to you.

Blood Glucose Meters Defined

Whilst the function of a blood glucose meter will be much the same from machine to machine, there will be some differences in the models that you are offered.

On average, a blood glucose meter will fit on the palm of your hand, although there of course variations to this. They are usually battery powered and therefore portable, which is essential to the management of your blood sugar. You may well need to check the level of glucose in your blood after every meal, or perhaps if you suddenly start to feel unwell for no explicable reason.

The test strips themselves are disposable and can only be used once. You need to ensure that there is a regular supply of these strips available for your use. The blood glucose meter will be useless without them. The strips themselves are usually made of plastic and are embedded with chemicals that allow the blood glucose meter to check the level of sugar in the blood. Some machines do use discs rather than strips, which do allow multiple readings from a single disc, but either way, the over-riding concern is that you have access to a continued supply for your machine.

The amount of blood required to take a reading may vary between machines, so check with the supplier before you use the machine, to ensure that you get accurate results. If necessary, consult with your Doctor to make sure that the machine that you are using is being used correctly.

Whilst you will be advised how and where to obtain your blood from, some parts of the body reflect changes in glucose levels more quickly than others. This is usually why the finger is used. However, if for any reason you are going to obtain blood from another part of the body, make sure that you know how long it will take for that part of the body you are using to indicate fluctuating blood sugar levels. Again, a chat with your Doctor should ensure that you are fully informed before you start to use your meter.

The amount of time required to produce a result will vary from machine to machine, Please read the manufacturer's notes carefully to ensure that you are fully conversant with the operation of the meter. Some machines also require a code to be entered into the meter, which is obtained from the batch of test strips that you are using. This allows your meter to calibrate itself with the strips to ensure accurate results.

Ayurvedic Herbs for Diabetes - A Purely Natural Way to Control Sugar Levels

Diabetes has almost become an epidemic in today's world. Diabetes is a disorder that affects the way your body uses food for energy. Whatever sugar we take is generally broken down into simple sugar called 'glucose' in our body.

This glucose circulates within the blood and enter into the cells with the help of insulin. Insulin is a hormone, made within the Beta-cells of Pancreas. Due to sedentary life style and genetic predisposition, the beta cells are not able to make enough insulin, which is a key for glucose to enter into the cells. The key is not there and the glucose keeps on circulating within the blood.
This is called Diabetes.

There are two main types. Type I & Type II .
There is another condition known as Pre-Diabetes.

There are two main types of full-blown diabetes. People with Type 1 diabetes are completely unable to produce insulin.

People with Type 2 diabetes can produce insulin, but their cells have become resistant to it. In either case, the glucose can't move into the cells and blood glucose levels can become high. When these levels remain high for long time, they can cause serious complications.

Pre-Diabetes:

Pre-diabetes is a condition in which the cells in your body are becoming resistant to insulin or your pancreas is not producing as much insulin as required. Your blood glucose levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be called diabetes. This is also known as "impaired fasting glucose" or "impaired glucose tolerance". Every individual who has a Diabetic father or mother must go for glucose tolerance test or GTT. This can help in diagnosing pre-diabetic condition. A diagnosis of pre-diabetes is a warning sign that diabetes will develop later.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes

So the only way to prevent diabetes is to change the life style, which is the basic theory of Ayurveda to fight any disease. According to Ayurveda, Stress and life style is the reason for most of the illnesses including Type II diabetes.

Factors for developing Type II diabetes and herbs for them

As we know that there is no problem with the insulin production. It is there in the body in enough quantity, but the only problem is that it is not able to open the cells to make the glucose enter into them. All the glucose keep circulating within the blood. The cells become resistant to insulin. The reasons for Insulin resistance are -

1. Obesity

The number one risk factor for Type 2 diabetes is obesity. Nearly 40 % of the patients suffering from Type II diabetes are obese.

Excessive fat interferes with body's ability to use insulin properly. According to Ayurveda this is called " Stroto-avarodh" i.e. blocked channels. This blockage in the channels of passage of Insulin is reason for greater insulin resistance.

Food and life style which cause blockage in the channels or " Stroto-avarodh " are curd, banana, heavy greasy diet, overeating, excess daytime sleep.

There are herbs which are useful in clearing the blockages and opening up the micro channels. These remove excessive fat from within the body. Herbs like Katuki (Picrorrhiza kurro), Vidang (Embelia ribes), Amalvetas (Garcinia cambogia), Triphala are useful in Type II diabetes because they open up the channels and helps in reducing the insulin resistance.

2. Sedentary Lifestyle

3. Unhealthy Eating Habits

90% of people who have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes are overweight. Unhealthy eating contributes largely to obesity. Too much fat, not enough fiber, and too many simple carbohydrates all contribute to a diagnosis of diabetes. Eating right is can turn the diagnosis around and reverse or prevent Type 2.

4. Family History and Genetics

It appears that people who have family members who have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes are at a greater risk for developing it themselves. Indians have a higher than normal rate of Type 2 diabetes. Having a genetic disposition towards Type 2 is not a guarantee of a diagnosis. Lifestyle plays an important part in determining who gets diabetes. So it can be prevented if we go for changed life style to avoid diabetes.

5. Increased Age

It's a very sad but true fact. The older we get, the risk of Type 2 diabetes is increased. Even if an elderly person is thin, he/she still may be predisposed to getting diabetes. As we age, the pancreas ages right along with us. It doesn't make enough insulin it did when we were younger. Also, as our cells age, they become more resistant to insulin as well.

6. Stress, High Blood Pressure and High Cholesterol

The hormones are under the control of our thought and our attitude towards events in life. The stress hormone immediately releases pool of glucose, corticosteroid hormones in our blood. There is immediate release of adrenal hormones, causing blood pressure and constriction of arteries.

Diabetes - The Silent Killer

To understand diabetes, we must first appreciate the role that insulin plays in our body. When we consume glucose, fructose or carbohydrates, our body converts them into glucose in the blood stream. For us to be able to use the glucose to produce energy, our pancreas produces insulin which 'unlocks' receptors in our cells and allows the glucose to enter the cells and be used for energy.

In Type 1 diabetes the body is incapable of producing enough insulin to regulate blood sugar adequately. It is frequently called juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes, and it usually occurs in people under 30 years of age.

A recent technological breakthrough has created a new treatment involving the transplantation of islet cells, and although the patient needs to take drugs to stop the body rejecting the cells, the new cells are capable of producing insulin and patients in the medical trial have reported significantly reduced need for insulin injection. The hope is that the injections may eventually be entirely eliminated through the use of transplants of islet cells.

Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90-95% of diabetes cases. Sufferers from type 2 diabetes are able to produce insulin, but their cell receptors have become resistant to insulin. Thus, their body has to produce greater amounts of insulin to be able to 'unlock' the cells so that they are able to extract the glucose from the blood stream. Eventually, these sufferers get to the point where they cannot create enough insulin to reduce the sugar levels in their body.

The disease affects 15-20% of people over the age of 60. A substantial number of adults remain undiagnosed as diabetes sufferers. It is usually discovered during a doctor's check-up following complaints of an infection such as a chest, skin or urinary problem.

More alarming is the recent trend of children being found suffering from Type 2 diabetes. This is thought to be due to the prevalence of childhood obesity, combined with the shortage of exercise that overweight children take and the diet they follow that is high in carbohydrates and sugar with a high glycaemic index.

The most recognisable sign of diabetes is constant thirst and subsequent regular urination. Other symptoms include dizziness, constant fatigue, unexplained weight loss, itching and leg pains walking.

If diabetes just involved taking insulin for the remainder of your life, it wouldn't be such a serious problem. Diabetics have a number of elevated risks including:

- twice the rate of heart disease compared to non-sufferers

- five times the risk of having a stroke

- the most frequent need for limb amputations discounting accidents

- diabetes is the most likely cause in all new cases of blindness in people aged 24 to 74

- the cause of over one third of new kidney diseases and the major cause of end-stage renal disease.

Accurate and consistent management of blood sugar levels reduces the odds of any of the above occurring.

Dialysis For Active People

Hearing the words "you need dialysis" can be terrifying. You may imagine a lifetime of being hooked to machines, unable to go on vacation or even keep your job. It might seem as though the active part of your life is over -- you couldn't be more wrong. In fact, there are many dialysis options that allow you to maintain control over your schedule and continue the active lifestyle that you currently enjoy.

Many people are familiar with dialysis centers -- medical facilities with machines capable of filtering bodily waste that failing kidneys cannot handle. Patients who receive their dialysis at such centers typically spend three to four hours in the center three times a week. Some centers offer early morning or evening appointments, which can be helpful for those who work regular hours. Patients with flexible work situations can schedule their work hours around their dialysis, and even bring a laptop, portable phone or notebook so that they can work while they dialyze. Others use that time to read, write letters, meditate, or even pay bills.

But not everyone's schedule can accommodate such a disruption; perhaps you have kids to pick up at school or a job with little flexibility. Do you have to redesign your life around your dialysis? Absolutely not.

Dialysis centers are not your only option. If you are willing to learn some new skills, you can dialyze in the comfort of your own home – privately, when and where you want to. There are two major types of home dialysis: home hemodialysis that filters the blood using a machine similar to what is found at dialysis centers, and home peritoneal dialysis which uses the lining of the abdomen to filter wastes and fluid out of the body.

The options for home dialysis are:

1. Conventional home hemodialysis: this method uses a needle in your arm to carry your blood to a dialyzing machine and another to return the filtered blood back to your arm. You, and your helper, will need to learn to use the machine, set up a treatment area in your house and store supplies. You will only need to visit your dialysis center once a month. Since the machine is in your home, you can dialyze early in the morning, late at night, or any other time that fits into your schedule. Some people choose to dialyze more often than three times a week, sometimes even daily, because they find that they feel better and have more energy.

2. Nocturnal home hemodialysis: this method uses the same kind of machine as conventional home hemodialysis, but you use it for 6-8 hours 3-7 nights a week. The more frequent, slower dialysis is easier on your heart and people often find that they feel better with this method than they do with conventional dialysis.

3. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: this method uses your peritoneum, the lining of the abdomen, to filter wastes and fluid out of your blood through a catheter placed into your abdomen. Several times a day you will place two liters of fluid into your abdomen through the catheter, allow it to stay in place for a few hours, and then remove it. You can go about your regular activities while the fluid is in place. You can do the exchanges when it is most convenient for you, and can travel without difficulty. You can even have your supplies delivered to you on vacation. Since your exchanges are done through the catheter, there are no painful needle sticks.

4. Continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis: this method is similar to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, but it uses a machine to do the exchanges while you sleep.

While being on dialysis does require some lifestyle changes, they need not be as dramatic as some people think. There is no need to stop working or avoid vacations, and no need to see yourself as chronically sick. A critical evaluation of your lifestyle, along with guidance from your nephrologist, can help you choose the dialysis method that is best for you.

Delia Chiaramonte, M.D.

Insight Medical Consultants:

Caring Doctors Helping You Navigate The Medical Maze

The Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet to Diabetics

Diabetes affects people of all ages and both genders, from all walks of life and backgrounds. Though the disease usually does not show up until later in life it can affect children as well. If you are diabetic then you already know that you must choose every food you eat very carefully. On a meal-to-meal basis your choices can affect your overall health.

If your diabetes is left un-treated it can cause symptoms such as wounds taking longer to heal than they should. Longer implications are blindness and ultimately kidney failure.
Your diet is one of the most important ways that you can control your diabetes, and a vegetarian lifestyle, with an emphasis on a low fat, high fiber and nutrient rich menu can be very complementary to your continued good health.

The insulin needed for this conversion process is either insufficient, ineffective or absent entirely. The result of this are a glucose build up in the bloodstream or a higher level of blood-sugar. This can lead to weakness, a loss of coordination and blurry vision. An incorrect balance can also lead to low blood sugar levels, which can lead to coma and death if not taken care of.

Although diabetes is incurable it can be controlled successfully through diet and exercise, oral medications, insulin injections or a combination of the above. Diabetics can't just count calories. They must calculate their total intake of carbohydrates. No less than half of their food intake must be complex carbohydrates.

Many diabetic vegetarians have discovered that, as a result of their meatless diet, they've had to use insulin injections less, which gives them a feeling of power and control over their disease.

Diabetics that have turned to the vegetarian lifestyle have discovered that as a result of a meatless diet, that are able to reduce their insulin injections. This has given them a sense of control over this dreaded disease. So changing your diet to a meatless diet can help you with your diabetes as well as many other benefits of not eating meat.

ALWAYS consult your physician before making any drastic changes to your diet.